Napata+and+Meroe+SS7

=Napata and Meroë =

By Gwyn Pacheco and Morgan Patterson
   == <span style="color: rgb(224, 11, 30);">       == ===<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(217, 13, 42);"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(221, 19, 19);"> <span style="font-family: 'Courier New',Courier,monospace; color: rgb(236, 39, 61); font-size: 140%;"><span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; color: rgb(238, 37, 32); font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: rgb(244, 138, 21);">**<span style="color: rgb(224, 11, 30);">Key <span style="color: rgb(219, 20, 20);">Terms for <span style="color: rgb(227, 22, 22);">Section 5 **       === <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;">

=
<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(187, 21, 12);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 11, 11);">ore - a mineral or a combination of minerals mined for the production of metals       =====

=
<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(231, 8, 8);"><span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">        =====

=
<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(231, 8, 8);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(228, 7, 7);">Lower Nubia - the region of ancient Nubia between the first and second cataracts of the Nile River          =====

=
<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">         =====

=
<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(211, 13, 13);"><span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(234, 11, 11);">Upper Nubia - the region of ancient Nubia between the second and sixth Nile cataracts         =====

=
<span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">       =====

=
<span style="color: rgb(210, 40, 15);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;">   <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 63, 63);"><span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 8);"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(244, 54, 11); font-size: 110%;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(246, 90, 40); font-size: 120%;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; color: rgb(230, 32, 15);">artisan - a worker who is skilled in crafting goods by hand        =====

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">

= =

==<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(0, 103, 255); font-size: 170%;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Napata <span class="show_spellpr" style="display: inline;"> [nuh- PAY -t //uh//  ]      == <span style="color: rgb(3, 3, 3);"> <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; color: rgb(20, 182, 235); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(58, 175, 238); font-size: 130%;">Napata was a city located in Upper Nubia between the third and fourth cataracts of the Nile River. It was also Kush's capital city in the late 700's B.C. From Napata, the Kushites, people who lived in southern Nubia, expanded their power into Egypt. Over time the Napatan kings took over more and more  <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(34, 213, 226); font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: rgb(28, 189, 242); font-size: 130%;">of Egypt. By the time of Taharka, a prince crowned <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(58, 175, 238); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(58, 175, 238);">king of both Nubia and Egypt in 690 B.C., the Nubians controlled all of Egypt. Napatan <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(58, 175, 238);">kings admired Egyptian culture by bringing back old Egyptian ways and preserving them. They even built pyramids to bury their kings just like the Egyptians. However, the rule of the Napatan kings didn't last very long. During about 660 B.C. they were forced out of  <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(58, 175, 238); font-size: 130%;">Egypt. They then gradually moved their capital to the city of Meroe and never ruled Egyptian land again. = <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(139, 0, 255); font-size: 110%;"> = = = =<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(139, 0, 255); font-size: 110%;"> = ==<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 141); font-size: 160%;"> Meroë <span class="show_spellpr" style="display: inline;"> [ mer -oh-ee  ]     == <span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);"><span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);">Once the Nubians moved out of Egypt's reach <span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);">by heading south, they founded a new royal <span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);">court in the ancient city of Meroë      <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);"><span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);"><span style="color: rgb(248, 22, 169);">. Meroë was located between the fifth and sixth cataracts of the Nile River and became the center of an empire that included much of Nubia and stretched into Central Africa. The Nubians used the iron ore from the Rocky Desert that was east of Meroë to create iron weapons and tools. Iron plows allowed them to produce great amounts of food and the use of iron weapons allowed them to control the trade routes that lead to the Red Sea. There, the Nubians traded goods from central Africa for things from India, Rome, and the Arabian Pensinsula. This trade made the Nubians wealthy. <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 140%;"> <span style="text-align: center; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(39, 147, 31); font-size: 160%;"><span style="text-align: left; display: block; color: rgb(250, 107, 187); font-size: 80%;">   <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(248, 22, 169); font-size: 130%;">Meroë began to weaken in the A.D. 200's, and in the next century it fell to the African kingdom of Axum. Although the kingdom fell, Meroë culture, has lasted for about 3,500 years. To this day, Nubian styles of pottery, braided hairstyles, furniture, jewelry, and clothing have survived among the present-day country of Sudan.

==<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="text-align: center; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(39, 147, 31); font-size: 160%;">Women of Nubia  == ==<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="text-align: center; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(39, 147, 31); font-size: 160%;">  == <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="text-align: center; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(39, 147, 31); font-size: 160%;"><span style="text-align: left; display: block; color: rgb(30, 170, 8);">In Nubian Society, the women held a very high status. In royalty, most often the ruler's sister's children were the ones that were next in line for the throne. Nubia had many more women as rulers when compared to Egypt. The queens of Meroë have large and powerful figures in ancient artwork. The Nubian queens were considered to be ideal beauties, and their weight reflected their wealth and rank. The reason to this is because if they to feed themselves heartily, then they were rich. <span style="text-align: center; display: block; color: rgb(244, 149, 26); font-size: 130%;"> Hieroglyphics of Meroë <span style="color: rgb(242, 154, 49);">    <span style="color: rgb(242, 154, 49);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">     <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(249, 166, 36); font-size: 130%;">The Nubians of Meroë created their own system of hieroglyphic writing that remains a mystery today. Scholars have so far not been able to completely understand what these hieroglyphics mean. They are found on the tombs and temples of the kingdom.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">   <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="text-align: center; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; color: rgb(39, 147, 31); font-size: 160%;"><span style="text-align: center; display: block; color: rgb(30, 170, 8);"><span style="color: rgb(15, 15, 15);">Picture above is of Meroitic Hieroglyphics. <span style="color: rgb(224, 36, 36); font-size: 160%;">

= <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(224, 36, 36); font-size: 160%;">__Links__   = =<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(224, 36, 36); font-size: 160%;">  = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(224, 36, 36); font-size: 160%;">  [|coolness is coolness.ppt]

[|NapataAndMeroe.mov] = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(224, 36, 36); font-size: 160%;">   = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);">  <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">  <span style="color: rgb(24, 45, 231); font-size: 120%;">[|Meroe Hieroglyphics]

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(24, 45, 231); font-size: 120%;">
= = <span style="color: rgb(89, 37, 167);">  <span style="color: rgb(15, 242, 2); font-size: 230%;"> [|Nubia Article] <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 90%;">

Works Cited "Ancient Nubia." __Free Website Hosting – Angelfire free website templates to make your own free website__. Winter 2008 <http://www.angelfire.com/oh/AncientKnowledge/NUBIA.html>. __ Ancient Scripts: Home __. Winter 2008 <http://www.ancientscripts.com/meroitic/html>. "Kush, Meroe and Nubia." __Sam Houston State University__. 16 Jan. 2009 <[|http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Sudan.html]>. Winter 2008 <http://dfludd.com/images/writing2_clip_image003_0000.gif>. __ World Studies: the Ancient World __. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall (School Division), 2005. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(139, 0, 255); font-size: 110%;">